Further option for chinas farmland reform(chinese translation included) :: essays research papers

Options for Further Re stimulate in Chinas Farm arena Systemfrom "Report of a pilot study on poverty, land abandonment and rural institutions", produced by the Department of International Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture, Peoples Republic of China, in collaboration with the FAO Rural Development Division THE FUNDAMENTAL ISSUE in the setup of Chinas existing rural farmland form centres on ambiguity in the definition of land ownership rights. Despite stipulations in the Constitution and pop Management Law, specifying that rural land is owned by the collective, it is nevertheless unclear which of the "three levels of ownership in the collective -- Peoples Communes, production brigades and production groups - is referred to. Furthermore, even if it had designated the ownership to a certain level in the collective, the problem would again emerge from the lack of a clear scope of the collective and its membership. Added to this ambiguity in the ownership of land is the i ncompleteness of the principal land property right, as the State has the authority to dispose of the land, while the farmer occupies the rental income, resulting in a drain on land revenue and difficulties in land circulation. Therefore, it is necessary to review the whole process of changes in the farmland system and find the correct point of waiver for reform. In fact, such issues as egalitarian occupation of land, scattered land management, instability in farmland contracts and lack of circulation or efficiency have all in all resulted from an ambiguous land ownership. Once the land owner is clearly defined and the principal property rights affirmed, then, the farmlands management, sale, leasing (including farmers contracting of collective land and re-contracting of their contracted land), inheriting and presidential term as gift -- all these and other matters of management and circulation would be easily resolved. --- Sticking to and perfecting collective ownershipAs to the direction of future reform in Chinas rural farmland ownership, there have been controversial views from academic circles and the agricultural sector, both of whom have come forth with many different ideas. These include the communization of rural farmland, reform and improvement of the existing collective ownership of rural land, private ownership of farmland as well as a system of mixed ownership. Based on the characteristics of Chinas rural land resources and its people-land relationship, the direction of reform in the countrys rural land system should be the quest for a form of collective public ownership characterized by a new relationship in property rights (under the precondition of the collective public ownership of land) for the purpose of enhancing the lucidness in the relationship of collective land property rights.